Product News: The integration of the e-bike motor and transmission into a single compact unit is considered the next logical step in the bicycle industry's evolution. With the new Gobao X1 and X1P motors, the Chinese manufacturer presents a highly advanced e-bike system that combines a powerful motor and an electronically controlled, continuously variable transmission (ECVT) in a single housing. In addition to performance figures of up to 150 Nm of torque, the system sets new standards in energy supply with a charging capacity of up to 1,5 kilowatts and extremely short charging times. We took a detailed look at the technical specifications and functionality of this new drive system.
The evolution of the e-bike drive: motor and gearbox merge
Today's modern e-bike riders typically use a system consisting of a separate mid-drive motor and a classic derailleur or hub gear system at the rear wheel. This design inherently has several disadvantages: high wear on the chain and sprockets, susceptibility to damage in crashes, and noticeable interruptions in power delivery when shifting gears under load. The idea of housing the e-bike motor and gearbox in a single, protected unit directly in the bottom bracket area is therefore gaining increasing importance, especially given the ever-growing power of mid-drive motors.
Gobao continues down this path with its "X" system. By fusing the components into a single, enclosed unit, the system is completely protected from external environmental influences such as dirt, mud, and water. This not only ensures virtually maintenance-free operation but also visually and technically streamlines the rear of the bicycle. Heavy hub gears and delicate derailleurs are now a thing of the past, which also drastically reduces the unsprung mass at the rear wheel – a crucial advantage for the suspension of e-mountain bikes.
The core element: The stepless ECVT technology in detail
The technological highlight of the Gobao system lies in the use of an electronically controlled continuously variable transmission (ECVT). While conventional transmissions rely on gear pairs with fixed gear ratios, the ECVT operates continuously.
The system is controlled by AI-based software that continuously collects sensor data. Cadence, torque, speed, and current gradient are measured in real time. Based on these parameters, the control system continuously adjusts the gear ratio. The goal: The electric motor should always operate within its optimal efficiency range, regardless of speed. For the rider, this means they no longer need to worry about selecting the right gear – the system automatically maintains a constant cadence. However, riders who prefer manual intervention can optionally switch to a manual shifting mode.
Gobao X1 and X1P vs. Pinion MGU: Two completely different concepts
The principle of system integration has been known in the geared motor market at least since the introduction of the Pinion MGU (Motor Gearbox Unit). Nevertheless, the two systems differ fundamentally in their functionality and driving characteristics.
The Pinion MGU is based on a classic, mechanically stepped spur gear transmission with either 9 or 12 fixed gears, which are electronically shifted. The rider feels discrete steps during gear changes and a corresponding change in cadence. The Gobao system, on the other hand, operates completely steplessly with the ECVT. There are no mechanical gear shifts and therefore no shift points.
Until now, CVT transmissions have been said to have a rather below-average efficiency. Whether this also applies to the new Gobao drive system will have to be shown by initial tests.
The drive units: Gobao X1 and X1P compared
Gobao is launching the system in two different versions: the X1 for standard applications and the X1P for performance-oriented uses such as cargo bikes, heavy e-mountain bikes, or S-Pedelecs. Good news for bicycle manufacturers: both versions have absolutely identical housing dimensions and mounting points, which simplifies integration into frame platforms.
Both drive units weigh 3,85 kg each. This puts Gobao in a very competitive position, especially considering that this weight already includes the complete gearbox. Furthermore, the drive unit is approximately 200 g lighter than the Pinion MGU. A look at the performance data clearly illustrates the differences:
Technical data at a glance
The Gobao X1 It delivers a maximum boost torque of 120 Nm and a peak power output of up to 1.200 watts. The gear ratio spread is 400% with an undergear ratio of 1:1 and an overgear ratio of 1:4. The system is designed for both pedelecs up to 25 km/h and S-pedelecs up to 45 km/h.
The more powerful one Gobao X1P In contrast, it mobilizes a maximum boost torque of an impressive 150 Nm with a maximum peak power of 1.500 Watts. The gearbox has also been adapted for more extreme demands: The gear ratio spread increases to 500%, with a low reduction ratio of 1:0.8. This ensures tremendous climbing ability on steep ramps, even with a heavy load. The gear ratio for fast sections remains identical to the X1 at 1:4.
Battery technology with high energy density
To handle the enormous peak power demands of the motors, up to 1,5 kW, high-performance battery technology is required. Gobao presents three battery variants for the system with a nominal voltage of 50,4 volts, characterized by a very good capacity-to-weight ratio:
- BT500ES: With a capacity of 500 Wh, this battery weighs only 2,6 kg. This corresponds to an energy density of 192 Wh/kg. The continuous discharge current is 20 A, and the maximum pulse discharge current is 34 A. Dimensions: 425 x 71,6 x 50 mm.
- BT750FS: The medium-sized version offers a capacity of 750 Wh and weighs 3,6 kg (energy density: 208 Wh/kg). The continuous discharge current is 25 A (pulse: 34 A). Dimensions: 425 x 71,6 x 71,6 mm.
- BT900FS: The flagship battery delivers a substantial 900 Wh capacity and, thanks to advanced cell technology, weighs in at just 3,7 kg. With an energy density of 243 Wh/kg, this energy storage device sets a clear benchmark compared to many competitors, whose batteries in this capacity class are often significantly heavier. The continuous discharge current is also 25 A (pulse: 34 A). Dimensions: 425 x 71,6 x 71,6 mm.
Supercharging with 1,5 kW: Back on the trail in record time
Another technical highlight of the system is its extremely fast charging technology. Gobao offers a charger for this purpose. EC-521FEU It operates with a powerful charging capacity of up to 1,5 kilowatts (kW). At an output voltage of 52 volts, a maximum charging current of up to 30 amperes flows.
The resulting charging times are remarkable and drastically different from conventional e-bike chargers, which usually only charge at 2 to 6 amps. Under laboratory conditions, the 750 Wh battery can be charged from 10% to 80% in just 20 minutes. According to the data sheet, the following values apply to a full charge cycle in everyday use:
- BT500ES (500 Wh): 0 to 50% in 15 min. | 0 to 80% in 24 min.
- BT750FS (750 Wh): 0 to 50% in 16 min. | 0 to 80% in 28 min.
- BT900FS (900 Wh): 0 to 50% in 18 min. | 0 to 80% in 32 min.
Despite its high performance, the charger remains compact enough to be carried in a backpack, measuring just 210 x 80 x 45 mm and weighing only 1,2 kg. An intelligent battery management system ensures the necessary safety and thermal monitoring during charging to protect the lifespan of the cells despite the high currents.
The brain of the system: Central Control Unit (CCU) DP-201FAI
The entire system is controlled and networked via the integrated Central Control Unit (CCU) with the model designation DP-201FAIThis serves as the bike's physical and digital communication hub. Equipped with a touchscreen, Bluetooth, GNSS (GPS) and integrated 4G mobile connectivity, the e-bike is permanently online.
Thanks to this connectivity, the system offers a variety of safety and convenience features right out of the box. These include digital theft protection, GPS tracking for real-time location, geofencing (notification when leaving a defined radius), and a digital battery lock. The vehicle can be unlocked keylessly via smartphone using the Gobao app. The app also allows for individual engine settings and displays navigation data directly on the screen.
Gobao X1 and X1P: Market launch
With "Project X," Gobao impressively demonstrates the future of e-bike drive systems. The combination of an extremely powerful motor and the continuously variable ECVT transmission promises a completely new, harmonious riding experience without any shift interruptions. Coupled with the extremely fast charging times of the 1,5 kW super charger and the lightweight, high-energy-density batteries, the system offers compelling arguments for demanding use off-road, in everyday life, and for cargo transport.
While the X1 and X1P systems are now celebrating their trade fair premiere, end consumers will have to wait a little longer: The official start of mass production is scheduled for February 2027. By then, the first OEM partners will have adapted their chassis platforms to the new system.